[-empyre-] CG and all things fuzzy, and now books

[Eric Patrick]

I think Reinke and Gehman's book is probably one of the more interesting 
collections.  A Reader in Animation Studies has some nice stuff in it as 
well, though a bit older...  it has Bill Moritz' landmark article 
"Narratives of Resistance...".  These two collections could function as 
bookends for animation thought over the last twenty + years.  I attended 
the Society for Animation Studies conference in Glendale, CA in 2003, 
and it was clear at the time that animation studies was becoming more 
popular very quickly.  There were traditional articles by animation 
historians dealing with issues of motion capture predecessors 
(http://www.arj.no/wp-content/2007/03/0043.jpg) like Étienne-Jules Marey 
or Muybridge, and also more close readings of Anime films being done by 
literature graduate students.  Most fascinating are the views that 
animation is central to all captured motion, and that live-action is 
merely a particular mechanization of animated photographs.

but I digress...
I would also recommend Animation Journal, Animation Studies, or one of 
the other animation journals that have come around recently (I believe 
animation journal is the oldest).  I know he was just here last week, 
but I rather like some of Paul Wells books on animation as well.  While 
his first book Understanding Animation was a bit flat to me, the little 
book on genre and authorship and the one titled Re-imagining Animation 
are both excellent.

ep

Richard Wright wrote:
> Hi there,
> thanks for these pointers Eric. I've been doing a lot of broadcast  
> documentary graphics in the last year and have become more aware of  
> how it is approached from that direction. We often find ourselves  
> mixing more strictly information graphics with data visualisation  
> techniques, such as for representing certain geological terrains, but  
> not entirely because it is a "true" or accurate record - often it is  
> for reasons of being technically propitious or being visually  
> suggestive in itself. (Tip - Death Valley is useful for virtually any  
> kind of landscape purpose).
>
> At the risk of suddenly breezing on, I have another question for  
> everyone. Does anyone have any favourite animation theory or  
> animation studies books they find particularly useful in the  
> classroom? Especially for explaining concepts to or for stimulating  
> ideas in practitioners. The last interesting one I read was "The  
> Sharpest Point", although as an anthology it did not have to develop  
> a single line of argument. And Norman Klein is always a fun read  
> (hopefully for students as well!).
>
> Richard
>
> On 18 Feb 2010, at 18:50, Eric Patrick wrote:
>
>   
>> Hi Richard,
>>
>> This is really fascinating stuff...  not my area of expertise, but  
>> Fernanda Viegas of IBM research in Cambridge is doing some of this  
>> sort of work (http://manyeyes.alphaworks.ibm.com/manyeyes/).   
>> Probably what we see more of in our little animation neck of the  
>> woods is info-graphics for visualization: http://vimeo.com/ 
>> 3261363.  Perhaps Paul is still around and may have some  
>> interesting sources to add.
>> Sorry can't be of more help...
>>
>> ep
>>
>>
>>
>> ==============Original message text===============
>> On Tue, 16 Feb 2010 5:25:13 pm CST Richard Wright wrote:
>>
>> Hi there,
>> I just wanted to respond to a couple of recent posts about animated
>> documentary and those thorny indexicality questions.
>>
>> I once wrote a proposal called "Data Visualisation as the Successor
>> to Documentary Film Making" (thinking actually of animated film
>> making). I wonder if Paul or Erik or anyone else had any thoughts
>> about this possibility of taking data records and animating them?
>> Either directly and algorithmically or using more interpretative or
>> even non-digital techniques? The source of the data and the
>> circumstances in which it was obtained can also create difficult
>> ethical questions, quite apart from questions of veracity (they might
>> have been obtained under torture for example).
>>
>> There are very few film examples of this I can think of, not even my
>> own. One of the few is Aaron Koblin's "Flight Patterns" (http://  
>> www.aaronkoblin.com/work/flightpatterns) and another is Jane
>> Marsching's "Rising North" (http://www.flickr.com/photos/  
>> efimeravulgata/3496999939 for a view of the installation version of
>> the video). Andrea Polli possibly. Much of it to do with climate
>> change data. I'm not mentioning these specific ones because I
>> particularly like them (the "Rising North" piece, for instance, looks
>> a bit too much to me like deciphering a multimedia interface). But I
>> was struggling to think of any others and I wondered if anyone else
>> knew of any film makers that were moving in this direction...
>>
>> Richard
>>
>> On 15 Feb 2010, at 18:37, Paul Ward wrote:
>>
>>     
>>> Hi, it's me again!
>>>
>>> A couple of my main research interests are Animation (quelle
>>> surprise!) and Documentary, and I've been looking into how
>>> animation and nonfiction work together (or not) for some time now.
>>>
>>> See Chapter 5 of my book "Documentary: The Margins of
>>> Reality" (Wallflower, 2005); plus "Animated interactions: animation
>>> aesthetics and the 'interactive' documentary" in S. Buchan (ed.)
>>> with David Surman and Paul Ward (Associate Eds.) Animated
>>> 'Worlds' (John Libbey, 2006). The latter discusses 'Going Equipped'
>>> alongside Bob Sabiston's 1999 short 'Snack and Drink'
>>>
>>> I think the idea of animation as a 'filter' is apposite - it is the
>>> filter through which re-presentations of real people and events are
>>> 'creatively treated' (to echo John Grierson again). This also makes
>>> some interesting possible connections to animation and memory, or
>>> animation and states of mind, and how these areas overlap (or
>>> contrast) with 'documentary'. Animations like 'Waltz with Bashir',
>>> 'Persepolis' or Andy Glynne's short films 'Animated minds' (about
>>> mental health) are all, arguably, sub-types of the animated
>>> documentary category, but approach it in very different ways
>>>
>>> best wishes
>>>
>>> Paul
>>>
>>>
>>> ________________________________
>>>
>>> From: empyre-bounces at lists.cofa.unsw.edu.au on behalf of
>>> christopher sullivan
>>> Sent: Sun 14/02/2010 18:22
>>> To: soft_skinned_space; Suzanne Buchan
>>> Cc: soft_skinned_space
>>> Subject: Re: [-empyre-] CG and all things fuzzy, and some thoughts
>>> on ethics
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Hi Suzanne, thanks for the generous discussion. As a "practitioner"
>>> I will say
>>> that I am really not too bothered by the issues of representation,
>>> and truth, or
>>> authenticity, I think those are interesting points of discussion,
>>> but nothing
>>> that will ever be cured. but are we really that confused in the
>>> theater? I have
>>> found that children for instance have very clear understandings of
>>> what is real,
>>> what is manipulated, what is fantasy. the idea that media is
>>> continuously lying
>>> to us, can also lead to a lot of political empathy,
>>>       I teach an alternative animation history class, and one of
>>> our weeks we
>>> show all non fiction animation.
>>> here is the week.
>>> Reading: Understanding Animation, chapter 3 Narrative strategies.
>>> 68-92
>>>
>>> Week 6 October 19th NON FICTION-
>>> These films all use animations power to manifest images that have
>>> no filmic
>>> record. The result is a curious take on truth and representation..
>>> Is there an
>>> emotional safety in these cartoony depictions, of otherwise
>>> unbearable images?
>>>
>>>  Roger Ebert , speaking about Grave of the Fire flies.
>>>  John and Faith Hubley. Sample 1960-75 The Dara Dogs. Denise  
>>> Topicoff.
>>>  -A is for Autism, Tim Web 1998. Champaine by Michael Sporn.
>>>   Some Protection, Marjut  Rimmenen,1987 -Brother, Adam Benjamin
>>> Elliot 2003-
>>>   Going Equipped ,Peter Lords 1989 -Abductees , Paul Vesters 1998
>>>  The Fetishist, Jim Trainer 1998- Ryan, Chris Landrithe 2003
>>>  A Room Near By, still life with animated dogs, Paul Ferlinger
>>> 2002- 2004
>>>
>>> these films all deal with the strange in between possibilities of
>>> animation as a
>>> filter for truth. I often show Ryan this week also, The students
>>> are always
>>> interested in discussing the inclusion of Chris Landreth in the
>>> film. it is
>>> both interesting and problematic, that his desire to implicate the
>>> documenter,
>>> is also very problematic. does he truly believe that his state of
>>> crisis
>>> parallels Ryan Larkin, in a SRO facility?
>>>
>>> I argue that the real issue of representation through animation is
>>> not nearly so
>>> complicated. and why do we have to create a theoretical censoring
>>> bureau,
>>> just make the work, and let it hit people, all sloppy and imperfect.
>>> do the questions below really need to be brought to some kind of
>>> conclusion?
>>> is it truly a crisis?
>>>
>>>
>>> "The increasing convergence, barrage and resulting pervasiveness of
>>>       
>>>> manipulated imagery, including traditional and digital animation,  
>>>> has
>>>> overwhelmed many of its viewers, and this has pressing philosophical
>>>>  and ethical connotations. In terms of the status of indexicality
>>>> and truth
>>>>  claims of the visual, in 1998 Elsaesser suggested a crisis was
>>>> evolving:
>>>>  "Any technology that materially affects this status, and
>>>> digitization
>>>> would seem to be such a technology, thus puts in crisis deeply-held
>>>>  beliefs about representation and visualization, and many of the
>>>>  discourses - critical, scientific or aesthetic - based on, or
>>>> formulated
>>>>  in the name of the indexical in our culture, need to be re-
>>>> examined."
>>>>         
>>> as media professors, I think we have to also challenge media
>>> literacy Dogma
>>> which implies that all viewers are completely at the mercy of the
>>> moving image.
>>> once something is digital, sorry Lev, but it means nothing, it is a
>>> technical
>>> expedient.
>>>
>>> Animators have the opportunity to carve out new and wonderful ways
>>> of creating
>>> work and bringing subjects to the screen that were not possible
>>> before.
>>> A true act of political subversion is the recent screening of Don
>>> Hertsfeilds
>>> new films. the audience came to see funny. instead they saw an
>>> amazing maturing
>>> of his work into a dark and beautiful piece that made me weep
>>> several times.
>>> He really seized the moment to talk about something important.
>>>
>>> I say let's focus on content, not media, and get to work making the
>>> films that
>>> we feel must be made. Chris
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Quoting Suzanne Buchan <sbuchan at ucreative.ac.uk>:
>>>
>>>       
>>>> Renate
>>>>
>>>> (I can't turn off HTML on the email I'm suing, so I hope the
>>>> inserted line
>>>> breaks improve reading.)
>>>>
>>>>  Many practice-based animation and film programmes - as well as
>>>> photography
>>>> and design -
>>>>  are increasingly replacing analogue with digital, with all the
>>>> implications.
>>>>  While I'm not a hands-on 'practitioner' per se - I don't teach
>>>> practice - I
>>>> can say that
>>>>  my university has two programmes, and both use digital tools but
>>>> foreground
>>>>  fine arts-based style, process and students attend life-drawing
>>>> classes.
>>>>  There are others who follow the same material-based philosophy,
>>>> including
>>>>  Simon's and the RCA' this is not, however, representative of the
>>>> wider
>>>> general
>>>>  shift to digital.
>>>>
>>>> With the current disastrous funding cuts at HEIs in the UK, a  
>>>> room of
>>>>  computers is more sustainable than puppet animation studios and
>>>>  art rooms; hence it is becoming digital almost everywhere. This has
>>>> implications on how students learn, speeds up production instead of
>>>> slowing down, the process of drawing, painting and model building
>>>> is very much part of developing narrative, and good analogue films
>>>> need time. Others here in empyre who are practice-based can probably
>>>>  answer your question better.
>>>>
>>>> Your question about CGI brings me to another set of thoughts about
>>>> the
>>>>  digital and the artefact and some ethical implications that arise
>>>> from the
>>>>  use of CGI in animation and film. Since the digital shift, the
>>>> manipulated
>>>>  moving image has been the focus of heated debates around
>>>> representation,
>>>>  truth values and ethical responsibility of its commissioners,
>>>> makers and
>>>> distributors. The unreliablility of the photographic image as it
>>>> became
>>>>  enhanced or altered by digital technologies has had a profound
>>>> effect
>>>> on audiences, a topic thematised by Thomas Elsaesser, Lev Manovich
>>>>  and Siegfried Zielinski, ethical philosopher Jane Bennett (The
>>>> Enchantment
>>>>  of Modern Life, 2001) and by others who may be on empyre.
>>>>
>>>> The increasing convergence, barrage and resulting pervasiveness of
>>>> manipulated imagery, including traditional and digital animation,  
>>>> has
>>>> overwhelmed many of its viewers, and this has pressing philosophical
>>>>  and ethical connotations. In terms of the status of indexicality
>>>> and truth
>>>>  claims of the visual, in 1998 Elsaesser suggested a crisis was
>>>> evolving:
>>>>  "Any technology that materially affects this status, and
>>>> digitisation
>>>> would seem to be such a technology, thus puts in crisis deeply-held
>>>>  beliefs about representation and visualization, and many of the
>>>>  discourses - critical, scientific or aesthetic - based on, or
>>>> formulated
>>>>  in the name of the indexical in our culture, need to be re-
>>>> examined."
>>>> (Elsaesser, Thomas, "Digital Cinema: Delivery, Event, time", in:
>>>> Cinema Futures: Cain, Abel or Cable?,1998. Pp. 201-222)
>>>>
>>>> While following these debates, I became sensitised to one specific i
>>>> mpact of manipulated images during a screening of Roland Emmerich's
>>>> 1994 Independence Day. In the rather naive encounter between the
>>>>  American missionaries and the alien Mother ship we witness a brief
>>>>  moment, only a few frames, when a fireball engulfs the pilot on
>>>> impact.
>>>>
>>>> Now in itself, this is not an unfamiliar scene, and it has been
>>>> repeated
>>>>  in action and war films to excess. My point here is that the image
>>>> manipulation was of the 'invisible' sort, i.e. not 'in-your-face'
>>>> CGI that
>>>>  creates spectacle that is highly aware of its difference to so-
>>>> called
>>>>  normal perception and representation.
>>>>
>>>> The fireball in the cockpit was created to look like live action.
>>>> So -  what's the problem? Well, in that fraction of a second of ID4,
>>>> an image flashed in my mind that, depending on your generation,
>>>> may also be indelibly etched in your own.: this 1963 photo by
>>>> Malcolm Brown
>>>>
>>>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%ADch_Qu?ng_D?c>>
>>>> The mental image of this while watching ID4 was an emotional  
>>>> response
>>>>  on my part, a response of what could be described as 'negative
>>>> empathy'
>>>>  that incited ethical awareness about the inherent 'wrongness' of
>>>> this scene.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> This personal example might illustrate why we need articulated
>>>> critical
>>>> reactions to films like these, to  facilitate a sober
>>>> understanding of the
>>>>  impact such films are having on our collective sense of ethics.
>>>>
>>>>  In light of the inane acceptance of violent images
>>>> just because we are 'used to them' and the role CGI and animation
>>>> has to play in this, addressing the crisis rooted in the loss of
>>>> indexical
>>>> truth could effectively address a re-examination of the discourse
>>>> around
>>>>  ethical responsibility in image production. Discussions around
>>>> animation -
>>>>  especially the kind we are not supposed to see - have tended to
>>>> focus
>>>>  on technical wizardry and the properties of programmes to create  
>>>> the
>>>>  impossible. It may be part of a new body of work for critical
>>>> investigations
>>>>  of spectatorial manipulation in a digital age, a territory that
>>>> needs
>>>>  ethical navigation to understand the philosophical  consequences of
>>>>  this kind of imagery.
>>>>
>>>> The next issue of the ANM journal (5.1) will have an essay by
>>>> philosopher
>>>> and cultural studies scholar Elizabeth Walden that explores just
>>>> these
>>>> issues
>>>>  and discusses a puppet animation film; she discusses how
>>>> "elements of
>>>> the narrative structure and the camera work give the materials
>>>> used in the
>>>>  character's project a moral standing in the film, which draws
>>>> audience and
>>>>  filmmaker as well as the character into an ethical situation
>>>> which is
>>>> significant to our shared moment in the digital era."
>>>>
>>>> So I'll leave this for now, and see if anyone has some thoughts on
>>>> it.
>>>>
>>>> I'm also happy to engage with the Quays' works, if there is
>>>> interest out
>>>> there.
>>>>
>>>> Suzanne
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> -----Original Message-----
>>>> From: empyre-bounces at lists.cofa.unsw.edu.au on behalf of Renate  
>>>> Ferro
>>>> Sent: Sat 2/13/2010 04:37
>>>> To: soft_skinned_space
>>>> Subject: Re: [-empyre-] CG and all things fuzzy
>>>>
>>>> Dear Paul and Suzanne,
>>>>
>>>> Can you both talk about how CG fits into your animation  
>>>> programs?  At
>>>> Cornell, Computer Graphics and 3D animation is taught by Computing
>>>> faculty.  It is in the art department where students, particularly
>>>> recently, have been creating stop action, frame by frame, roto-
>>>> scoping,
>>>> drawing based and a medley of other fuzzies. Whether working  from
>>>> photography based or original drawing. their novel, quirky rendering
>>>> styles, interdisciplinary interests and criticality make their
>>>> work fresh
>>>> and innovative.
>>>>
>>>> How does it work in the UK?
>>>>
>>>> Renate
>>>>
>>>> Renate Ferro
>>>> Visiting Assistant Professor
>>>> Department of Art
>>>> Cornell University, Tjaden Hall
>>>> Ithaca, NY  14853
>>>>
>>>> Email:   <rtf9 at cornell.edu>
>>>> Website:  http://www.renateferro.net <http://www.renateferro.net/>>>
>>>>
>>>> Co-moderator of _empyre soft skinned space
>>>> http://www.subtle.net/empyre>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empyre>>
>>>> Art Editor, diacritics
>>>> http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/dia/>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> empyre forum
>>>> empyre at lists.cofa.unsw.edu.au
>>>> http://www.subtle.net/empyre>>
>>>>
>>>>         
>>> Christopher Sullivan
>>> Dept. of Film/Video/New Media
>>> School of the Art Institute of Chicago
>>> 112 so michigan
>>> Chicago Ill 60603
>>> csulli at saic.edu
>>> 312-345-3802
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> empyre forum
>>> empyre at lists.cofa.unsw.edu.au
>>> http://www.subtle.net/empyre>
>>>
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>> ===========End of original message text===========
>>
>>
>>
>> Eric Patrick
>> Assistant Professor
>> Radio/Television/Film
>> School of Communication
>> Northwestern University
>> 1920 Campus Drive
>> Evanston, Illinois  60208
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> empyre forum
>> empyre at lists.cofa.unsw.edu.au
>> http://www.subtle.net/empyre
>>     
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> empyre forum
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